Jar

Artist/Maker
Collin Rhodes Factory
Place Made
Aiken County South Carolina United States of America
Date Made
1840-1845
Medium
stoneware –alkaline-glazed
Dimensions
HOA: 16″; WOA: 13 1/2″
Accession Number
5813.51
Description
This ovoid, alkaline-glazed stoneware jar is attributed to the Collin Rhodes Factory operating in Aiken County, South Carolina, outside of Edgefield, in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Though the factory was operated by Collin Rhodes, Thomas Chandler was a principal potter in that factory and likely had a large role in the manufacture of this jar. It has an overall green alkaline glaze applied to the interior and exterior. Alkaline glaze is a mix of clay and ash or lime that acted as a flux. On either side of the jar is a characteristic floral design often attributed to Thomas Chandler. Before the piece was glazed, a flower, stem, and two abstract leaves were brushed on with an iron slip, and then white slip trailing was applied to accent the floral design. On opposite sides of the shoulder lug handles were placed against the side of the jar.

MAKER: Thomas Mitchel Chandler, Jr., was born in Virginia in 1810. His family moved to Baltimore in 1817 and there Thomas developed into an extraordinary potter. Thomas’s future was partly determined by his father’s move to Baltimore. As a chairmaker, Chandler’s father bought property in a district with many other craftspeople, including five major potters: Henry Remmey, Sr., Henry Myers, David Parr, Elisha Parr, and William Amoss. Henry Myers and Henry Remmey probably trained Thomas Chandler; Chandler’s first dated and signed piece resembles pieces made by Remmey in Myers’s shop in the 1820s.

Chandler left Baltimore in 1829 and between 1829 and 1832 may have traveled as an itinerant potter. In 1832 he was in Albany, New York, where he enlisted in the U.S. Army. The Army sent Chandler south to Augusta, Georgia, and between 1832 and 1836 he served in various capacities and likely worked with several potters in Georgia. Scholar Philip Wingard estimates that Chandler was in Edgefield, South Carolina, working by 1836, since several of his pieces with decorative slip work and dated 1836 have survived in the region. He worked in various pottery factories and with various partners in the region until he had his own shop by 1850. In 1852, though, he and his family moved tor North Carolina where he died in 1854.

Wingard, Phillip. “From Baltimore to the South Carolina Backcountry: Thomas Chandler’s Influence on 19th-Century Stoneware.” CERAMICS IN AMERICA, 2013, 38-76.

Credit Line
The William C. and Susan S. Mariner Collection